Bài tập viết lại câu điều kiện trong tiếng Anh

Bài tập viết lại câu điều kiện tóm tắt toàn bộ kiến thức phân dạng, cách sử dụng và một số dạng bài tập tự luyện và có đáp án kèm theo. Thông qua tài liệu này các bạn có thêm nhiều gợi ý tham khảo, củng cố kiến thức để nhanh chóng biết cách trả lời các câu hỏi tiếng Anh.

Bên cạnh đó các bạn xem thêm: bài tập về thì hiện tại hoàn thành, bài tập phân biệt thì hiện tại hoàn thành và thì quá khứ đơn, bài tập thì hiện tại đơn và thì hiện tại tiếp diễn. Vậy sau đây là nội dung chi tiết bài tập viết lại câu điều kiện trong tiếng Anh, mời các bạn theo dõi tại đây.

I. Phân dạng bài tập viết lại câu điều kiện

1. Dạng chia động từ

Đây là dạng bài câu điều kiện đơn giản và dễ làm nhất, thông thường đề sẽ cho một vế đã chia sẵn động từ, bạn có dựa vào thì trong câu trước hoặc dịch nghĩa hoặc suy luận tùy vào độ khó dễ khác nhau.

Ví dụ: If I finished fixing the computer, I (will) continue playing the game.

→ Trong trường hợp này thì ta thấy động từ ở vế “if” ở thì quá khứ đơn nên động từ “will” cần được chia sẽ là “would” (quá khứ của từ will).

Như đã đề cập ở trên ngoài việc cho biết thì ở một vế thì sẽ có trường hợp đều trống cả 2 động từ 2 vế. Lúc này bạn cần phải dịch nghĩa của câu, nếu sự việc diễn tả những hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ thì ta dùng câu điều kiện loại 3. Trong trường hợp nghĩa của câu thể hiện một mong muốn, yêu cầu hoặc sự việc nào đó chắc chắn khó mà xảy ra được thì dùng loại 2, nếu có khả năng xảy ra thì dùng câu điều kiện loại 1.

Ví dụ: If she (attend) the party, she (meet) her idol.

→ Bởi vì cả 2 vế động từ đều cần được chia thì nên ta sẽ dịch nghĩa để xác định chính xác. Ở đây khi dịch nghĩa nó thể hiện một sự kiện ở quá khứ “Nếu cô ta tham dự bữa tiệc thì cô ta đã được gặp thần tượng của mình”. Sự việc ở quá khứ ta áp dụng cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 3

→ If she attended the party, she would have met her idol.

2. Dạng viết lại câu dùng if

Cách nhận dạng đó là người ta để các liên từ nối giữa 2 vế câu như: so, that’s why, because.

Những mẹo làm bài nhanh mà không cần hiểu nghĩa hoàn toàn:

+ Nếu cả 2 vế trong câu sử dụng liên từ đều chia ở thì tương lai đơn thì ta dùng cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 1 (chú ý không cần phủ định mệnh đề trong câu)

+ Nếu một vế thì hiện tại còn một vế ở thì tương lai hoặc hiện tại thì ta vẫn sử dung if loại 2 (chú ý lúc này ta cần phủ định lại mệnh đề trong câu)

+ Nếu 2 vế có một thì quá khứ thì ta dùng câu điều kiện loại 3

+ Trong câu có các liên từ nếu phủ định rồi thi khi viết cấu trúc if ta bỏ “not” và ngược lại

+ Xuất hiện từ because ở vế nào ta thay thế bằng từ “if” ở vế đó.

+ Nếu xuất hiện các từ như: so hoặc that’s why thì ta để từ “if” ở vế còn lại trong câu.

Một số ví dụ minh họa

E.g: I did not buy that because it was not discounted.

→ If it had discounted, I would have bought.

E.g: She doesn’t like spicy food, so she doesn’t eat any food at the party.

→ If she liked spicy food, she would eat any food at the party.

3. Dạng viết câu điều kiện đối (từ if sang unless và ngược lại)

Cách làm khá đơn giản bởi vì bạn chỉ cần hiểu rõ là if … not = unless là được.

E.g: If I did not like singing, I would not join this club.

→ Unless I liked singing, I would not join this club.

E.g: If he doesn’t apologize to me, I won’t be on his team.

→ Unless he apologizes to me, I won’t be on his team.

4. Dạng viết lại câu từ cấu trúc có “without” sang cấu trúc có “if”

Tương tự như Unless thì without cũng mang nghĩa là nếu không thì, vì thế mà ta cũng dùng if… not để làm.

E.g: Without advice from you, I have failed this project.

→ If you didn’t give me advice, I have failed this project.

E.g: Without the air, every creature on earth will be extinct.

→ If there is no air, every creature on earth will be extinct.

5. Dạng viết lại câu đổi từ câu có Or, otherwise sang câu điều kiện if

Cấu trúc dạng này thường là: Câu mệnh lệnh yêu cầu + or/ otherwise + S + will …

Cách làm dạng này thường sẽ bắt đầu bằng “If you don’t” và bỏ các từ or/otherwise ra khỏi câu.

E.g: Listen, or you won’t follow the teacher’s lecture( Lắng nghe nào, hoặc là bạn sẽ không theo kịp bài giảng của giáo viên)

→ If you don’t listen, you won’t follow the teacher’s lecture. (Nếu bạn không lắng nghe thì bạn sẽ không theo kịp bài giảng của giáo viên)

6. Dạng viết lại câu mà đổi từ cấu trúc “But for” sang câu điều kiện if

Cách làm dạng này ta chỉ cần sử dụng “if it weren’t for” mà thay thế cho từ “but for” ở trong câu, còn những từ còn lại ta giữ nguyên không đổi.

E.g: But for your car, I would be late for the meeting.

→ If it weren’t for your car, I would be late for the meeting.

Ngoài ra đôi khi còn có các dạng câu điều kiện ám chỉ:

Provided (that), providing (that) mang nghĩa miễn là cũng bằng với “if”

In case: mang nghĩa là phòng khi.

II. Cách viết lại câu điều kiện

Cách nhận dạng: dựa vào các liên từ nối giữa 2 vế câu như: so, that’s why, because.

Những mẹo làm bài nhanh trong trường không hiểu nghĩa hoàn toàn:

• Nếu cả 2 vế trong câu sử dụng liên từ đều chia ở thì tương lai đơn thì ta dùng cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 1 (chú ý không cần phủ định mệnh đề trong câu)
• Nếu một vế thì hiện tại còn một vế ở thì tương lai hoặc hiện tại thì ta vẫn sử dung if loại 2 (chú ý lúc này ta cần phủ định lại mệnh đề trong câu)
• Nếu 2 vế có một thì quá khứ thì ta dùng câu điều kiện loại 3
• Trong câu có các liên từ nếu phủ định rồi thi khi viết cấu trúc if ta bỏ “not” và ngược lại
• Xuất hiện từ because ở vế nào ta thay thế bằng từ “if” ở vế đó.
• Nếu xuất hiện các từ như: so hoặc that’s why thì ta để từ “if” ở vế còn lại trong câu.

Một số ví dụ minh họa

E.g: I did not buy that because it was not discounted.

→ If it had discounted, I would have bought.

E.g: She doesn’t like spicy food, so she doesn’t eat any food at the party.

→ If she liked spicy food, she would eat any food at the party.

III. Bài tập viết lại câu điều kiện

I. Complete each of the following sentences so that it means the same as the sentence before 

1. She doesn’t live in London because she doesn’t know anyone there

→ She’d ……………………………………………………………….

2. I can’t live in the country because I can’t find a job there

→ I’d ………………………………………………………………..

3. I don’t have a spare ticket. I can’t take you to the concert

→ If I …………………………………………………………………

4. The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them so they didn’t grow.

→ If the children ………………………………………………………..

5. They don’t understand the problem. They won’t find a solution

→ If they …………………………………………………………….

6. He sits around too much. He isn’t fit.

→ If he ………………………………………………………………

7. Carol didn’t answer the phone because she was studying..

→ If Carol ……………………………………………………

8. Rita is exhausted today because she didn’t get any sleep last night.

→ If Rita ………………………………………………………

9. She’s very thin; perhaps that’s why she feels cold so much.

→ If she …………………………………………………….

10. He never polishes his shoes, so he never looks smart

→ If he ……………………………………………………..

11. He can’t park near his office; that’s why he doesn’t come by car

→ If he ……………………………………………………..

12. My house is guarded by two big dogs. That’s the only reason it isn’t broken into every night

→ If my house …………………………………………………………

13. The flats are not clearly numbered, so it is very difficult to find anyone.

→ If the flats …..………………………………………………………..

14. I don’t know her e-mail address, so I can’t tell you

→ If I …………………………………………………………………….

15. She works in the evening. She has no time to play with her children

→ If she ………………………………………………………………….

16. I don’t want them to be upset, so I’ve decided not to tell them what happened.

→ They ……………………………………………………………..

17. I am not tall enough to join the basketball team

→ If I ……………………………………………………………………

18. He doesn’t see the signal so he doesn’t stop his car

→ If he ………………………………………………………………….

19. Peter gets bad marks because he doesn’t prepare his lessons well

→ If Peter ………………………………………………………………

20. Mary doesn’t have enough money. She can’t buy a new car.

→ If Mary ………………………………………………………………

21. Go right now or you’ll be late for the train.

→ If you………………………………………………………………….

22. He doesn’t apply for the job because he doesn’t have enough qualifications.

→ If he ………………………………………………………………….

23. Hurry up, or we will be late for the exam.

→ If we …………………………………………………………………

24. They do not understand you because you do not often talk to them.

→ If you …………………………………………………………………

25. Because you speak English unnaturally, they do not understand you.

→ If you …………………………………………………………………

ĐÁP ÁN

1. She’d live in London if she knew someone there.

2. I’d live in the country if I could find a job there.

3. If I had a spare ticket, I’d take you to the concert.

4. If the schoolchildren watered some seeds, they would grow.

5. If they understood the problem, they’d find the solution.

6. If he didn’t sit around too much, he’d be fit.

7. If Carol hadn’t been studying, she’d have answered the phone.

8. If Rita had got some sleep last night, she wouldn’t be exhausted today.

9. If she weren’t/wasn’t too thin, she wouldn’t feel cold so much.

10. If he polished his shoes, he’d look smart.

11. If he could park near his office, he’d come by car.

12. If my house were/was guarded by two big dogs, it’d be broken into every night.

13. If the flats were clearly numbered, it’d be easy/wouldn’t be difficult to find someone/anyone.

14. If I knew her e-mail address, I could tell you.

15. If she didn’t work in the evening, she’d have time to play with her children.

16. They’d be upset if I told them what happened.

17. If I were/was tall enough, I would join the basketball team.

18. If he saw the signal, he’d stop his car.

19. If Peter prepared his lessons well, he wouldn’t get bad marks/would get good marks.

20. If Mary had enough money, she’d buy a new car.

21. If you don’t go right now, you’ll be late for the train.

22. If he had enough qualifications, he’d apply for the job.

23. If we don’t hurry, we’ll be late for the exam.

24. If you often talked to them, they’d understand you.

If you spoke English naturally, they’d understand you.

II: Chia từ trong ngoặc theo thì hợp lý của từng câu

1. If I meet him, I (tell)______ him to come see you immediately

2. If Julia (repair) ______this old computer, he (use) ______it for another two years.

3. If I were you, I (go)______ to that seminar for more expertise.

4. You (do)______ everything more perfectly if you listen to what I say.

5. If he (win) _______ the contest this time, he (be)______ very rich…

6. If she (work)______ lazily, she would be fired.

7. If Jenny (have)______ more time, she will complete the entry very much better.

8. If it (rain)______ heavily, everyone has to postpone flight to Tokyo.

9. If I (know)______ that you felt tired, I (come) ______ to drive you.

10. If Jack (clean) ______ his house clean, he will be rewarded with candy from his mother.

11. If I (have)______ a wish, I would wish I had lots of money.

12. If he (love)______ me, he (do) _______ anything to conquer me.

13. If I see where your watch is, I (notify)______ you immediately.

14. If she (win) ______ that test, she (have)______ a good car.

15. If I (agree)______ to go to the party last night, I (meet) _______ my former boss.

16. I (prepare) ______ everything perfect for the party if you (pay) ______ me high rent.

17. My family (go) _______ to the resort if the weather hadn’t been so bad today.

18. If you (give) _______ me a reasonable discount, I (buy) ______ these goods in bulk.

19. Lisa (feel) ______ very happy if her boyfriend (show) ______ up suddenly at the party.

20. If you (send) _______ an invitation to them, they would not come to this party.

21. If John (speak) ______Chinese well, he (have) ______ the opportunity to attend a meeting with the Chinese partner.

22. He would never have known this secret if his mother (not reveal) ______ it so soon.

23. Rose will be left behind in her travels if she (continue) ______to rest like this.

24. If you (lend) ______ me money, I’ll buy a new phone for work.

25. You will be honored to contribute to the completion of this project if you (put) ______ effort into it.

26. Mary (visit) ______ her hometown in March if she (not have) ______ any unexpected work.

27. If I (be) ______ you, I (not accept) ______ becoming his subordinate.

28. If you (not help) ______ me with this project, I (not be) ______ able to finish it so well.

29. He will be fined if he (continue) ______ to answer the phone while driving.

30. You (feel) ______more excited if you (join) ______ this concert.

Đáp án

1. If I meet him, I will tell him to come see you immediately

2. If Julia had repaired this old computer, he could have used it for another two years.

3. If I were you, I would go to that seminar for more expertise.

4. You can do everything more perfectly if you listen to what I say.

5. If he wins the contest this time, he will be very rich…

6. If she worked lazily, she would be fired.

7. If Jenny has more time, she will complete the entry very much better.

8. If it rains heavily, everyone has to postpone flight to Tokyo.

9. If I had known that you felt tired, I would have come to drive you.

10. If Jack cleans his house clean, he will be rewarded with candy from his mother.

11. If I had a wish, I would wish I had lots of money.

12. If he loves me, he will do anything to conquer me.

13. If I see where your watch is, I will notify you immediately.

14. If she had won that test, she would have a good car.

15. If I had agreed to go to the party last night, I would have met my former boss.

16. I will prepare everything perfect for the party if you pay me high rent.

17. My family would have gone to the resort if the weather hadn’t been so bad today.

18. If you give me a reasonable discount, I will buy these goods in bulk.

19. Lisa would feel very happy if her boyfriend showed up suddenly at the party.

20. If you did not send an invitation to them, they would not come to this party.

21. If John speaks Chinese well, he will have the opportunity to attend a meeting with the Chinese partner.

22. He would never have known this secret if his mother had not revealed it so soon.

23. Rose will be left behind in her travels if she continues to rest like this.

24. If you lend me money, I’ll buy a new phone for work.

25. You will be honored to contribute to the completion of this project if you put effort into it.

26. Mary will visit her hometown in March if she does not have any unexpected work.

27. If I were you, I would not accept becoming his subordinate.

28. If you didn’t help me with this project, I wouldn’t be able to finish it so well.

29. He will be fined if he continues to answer the phone while driving.

30. You will feel more excited if you join this concert.

III. Viết lại các câu sau theo cấu trúc câu điều kiện

1. She cannot cook because she feels very tired today.

2. He was so timid in love, so he lost her.

3. Jane helps me survey the market, so I plan to share a commission with her.

4. You cannot understand me because you are a rich man.

5. Tim drinks too much alcohol every day, that’s why he is hospitalized for treatment.

6. Kate likes K-pop music, so she spends the money to buy tickets for the concert.

7. He has many beloved girls, that’s why he becomes so arrogant.

8. My health improves better because I exercise daily.

9. I didn’t eat dinner with everyone, so I feel very hungry now.

10. He got fired because he was too lazy.

11. Stay away from this place or I’ll report the area’s security.

12. You always complain about everything that happens in your life, that’s why I never want to work in a team with you.

13. Follow the instructions or you will ruin everything.

14. People will not go camping in this stormy weather.

15. I love art, that’s why I organized this exhibition.

Đáp án:

1. If she didn’t feel very tired today, she could cook.

2. If he hadn’t been so timid in love, he wouldn’t lose her.

3. If Jane didn’t help me survey the market, I wouldn’t plan to share a commission with her.

4. If you weren’t a rich man, you could understand me.

5. If Tim didn’t drink too much alcohol every day, he wouldn’t be hospitalized for treatment.

6. If Kate didn’t like K-pop music, she wouldn’t spend the money to buy tickets for the concert.

7. If he hadn’t many beloved girls, he wouldn’t become so arrogant.

8. If I didn’t exercise daily, I wouldn’t improve my health better.

9. If I had eaten dinner with everyone, I wouldn’t feel very hungry now.

10. If he hadn’t been too lazy, he wouldn’t have gotten fired.

11. If you stayed away from this place, I wouldn’t report the area’s security.

12. If you didn’t complain about everything that happened in your life, I would work in a team with you.

13. If you didn’t follow the instructions, you would ruin everything.

14. If it weren’t stormy, people would go camping.

15. If I didn’t love art, I wouldn’t organize this exhibition.

IV: Make conditional sentences:

1. Keep silent or you’ll wake the baby up.

→ If you don’t keep silent, you will wake the baby up.

2. Stop talking or you won’t understand the lesson.

→ If………………………………………..….…….

3. I don’t know her number, so I don’t ring her up.

→If………………………………………..….……..

4. I don’t know the answer, so I can’t tell you.

→ If …………………………………………….………..

5. We got lost because we didn’t have a map.

→ If …………………………………….……..…….……

6. Susan felt sick because she ate four cream cakes.

→……………………………………………..……

8. He lost his job because he was late every day.

→………………………………………………………

9. Peter is fat because he eats so many chips.

→…………………………………………………………..

10. Robert got a bad cough because he started smoking cigarettes.

→………………………………..…..

V: Rewrite the following sentences:

1. He can’t go out because he has to study for his exam.

=> If…………………………………………………..

2. She is lazy so she can’t pass the exam.

If…………………………………………………………

3. He will pay me tonight; I will have enough money to buy a car.

=> If…………………………………………………………….

4. He smokes too much; that’s why he can’t get rid of his cough.

=> If……………………………………………………………..

5. She is very shy, so she doesn’t enjoy the party.

=> If……………………………………………………………..

6. I will get a work permit. I will stay for another month.

=> If……………………………………………………………..

7. He doesn’t take any exercises. He is so unhealthy

=> If……………………………………………………………….

8. We can’t get the ticket because I don’t have the right change.
=> If………………………………………………………………..

9. Study hard or you won’t pass the exam.
=> If…………………………………………………………………..

10. Don’t be impatient or you will make mistakes.

=> If……………………………………………………………………..

11. I didn’t eat lunch, I feel hungry now.

=> If I…………..………………………………….

12. I only come if they invite me.

=> unless……………………………………………….

13. He didn’t revise all his lessons, he failed the exam.

=> If he………………………………………………………..

14. The park is over there, only 5 minutes’ walk.

=> If you walk……………………………………………….

15. Leave me alone or I’ll call the police.

=>Unless……………………………………………………………………………………

16. If you arrive at the office earlier than I do, please turn on the air-conditioner.

=> Should……………………………………………………………………………….

17. The children don’t go to school in the snowy weather.

=> If it ………………………………………………………………………………

18. He died so young; otherwise, he would be a famous musician by now.

=>Had ………………………………………………………………………………

19. You must tell me the whole truth or I won’t help you.

=> Unless………………………………………………………………………

20. The car breaks down so often because you don’t take good care of it.

=> Were I………………………………………………………………………

21. He is very bad-tempered, that’s why his wife left him soon after marriage.

=> If he………………………………………………………………………

22. Don’t tell lies to your boss or you’ll be fired at once.

=> If……………………………………………………………………………

23. She got married at such an early age: otherwise, she would be at university now.

=> Had ………………………………………………………………………